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HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING
Hyperspectral remote sensing is one of the advance technology which began in early 1980s is one of the most significant breakthroughs in remote sensing. It emerged as a promising technology in remote sensing for studying earth surface materials by two ways spectrally & spatially. In this technology imaging and spectroscopy is combinedin a single system so this is also known as imaging spectroscopy. This technology is developed by breaking a broad band from the visible and infra-red into hundreds of spectral parts to obtain geochemical information from inaccessible planetary surfaces.
ADVANTAGES OF HRS
Hyperspectral remote sensing is able to provide a high level of performance in spectral & radiometric calibration accuracy in the data sets.
These high performing sensors data can be utilized for extracting information in various quantitative and qualitative applications.
The ample spectral information provided by hyperspectral data is able to identify and distinguish spectrally similar materials which enhance the capability of distinguishing various ground objects in detail.
Hyperspectral sensors collect information as a series of narrow and contiguous wavelength bands at 10 to 20 nm intervals.
The spectra for a single pixel in hyperspectral data appears similar like a laboratory quality spectra collected by a spectro-radiometer which can be used for understanding the spectral characteristics of the material.
Basic Principle of Imaging Spectroscopy
As Hyperspectral Remote sensing technology is also known as Imaging Spectroscopy which is considered to be as combination of three following photonic technologies:
(i) conventional imaging,
(ii) spectroscopy, &
(iii) radiometry
Above three technologies are used to produce images for which a spectral signature is associated with each pixel. The position of imaging spectroscopy and other related technologies is shown in
Figure: The datasets produced by hyperspectral imager is in the form of a three dimensional datacube in which two dimensions represents spatial information and third dimension represents spectral information. The values recorded by Spectral Imager Instrument can be converted, via proper calibration, to radiometric quantities that are related to the scene phenomenology (e.g.,radiance, reflectance, emissivity, etc.). This technology is having capability to support various applications by providing a link to spatial and spectral analytical models, spectral libraries, etc.
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